Desk console power systems simulator with hands-on control

ABSTRACT

A DC loadflow calculator having transient stability analysis capability includes modularized DC circuits, an operator console and a device for producing transient fault signals. The DC circuits are interconnected to represent an electric power system and include modularized circuits representative of power system buses, generators, loads, tie lines and lines. The DC circuits are associatively connected to the operator console for the attainment of a loadflow solution in accordance with network variable signals provided to the DC circuits through the operator console. The operator console also provides for the connection of the transient fault signalling device to the DC circuits for imposition of transient fault signals thereon. The operator console also includes display devices for display loadflow and transient responses from the DC circuits.

United States Patent 1 1 Carlson et al.

[1 1 3,826,906 [4 1 July 30,1974

DESK CONSOLE POWER SYSTEMS SIMULATOR wnn HANDS-0N CONTROL Inventors: Norman R. Carlson, Export; Victor Burtnyk, Monroeville; William E. Zitelli, Pittsburgh, all of Pa.

Westinghouse Electric Corporation, Pittsburgh,Pa.

Filed: May 19, 1972 Appl. No.: 254,957

Assignee:

u.s.c|...... ..23's/1s1.21,23s/1s5 Int. Cl. G06f 15/5 606g 7/62 OTHER PUBLICATIONS "Load Flow by Hybrid Comp-for Power Syst. Op. Enns et al. IEEE Trans. on Power App. & Syst. Nov. Dec. 1971 pp. 2,540'2,547. Techniques for the Real-Time Monitoring of Power System Operations Stagg et a1. IEEE Transact. PA-

Field of Search 235/15121, 184, 185

I Load Flows Using a Combination of Pouit Jacobi and Newtons Methods Dusdnchetet a1. IEEE Trans. PA- S90 Vol. 3 May/June 1971 pp. 941-949.

Computer Control of Power Systems: The Engineer Oct. 2, 1964.

Prir nary Examiner-Felix D. Gruber Attorney, Agent, or FirmE. F. Possessky 57 ABSTRACT A DC loadflow calculator having transient stability analysis capability includes modularized DC circuits, an operator console and a device for producing transient fault signals. The DC circuits are-interconnected to represent an electric power system and include modularized circuits representative of power system buses, generators, loads, tie lines and lines. The DC circuits are associatively connected to the operator console for the attainment of a loadflow solution in accordance with network variable signals provided to the DC circuits through the operator console. The operator console also provides for the connection of the transient fault signalling device to the DC- circuits for imposition of transient fault signals thereon. The operatorconsole also includes display devices for display loadflow and transientresponses from the DC circuits.

'32 Claims, 40 Drawing" Figures I; f

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INJECTION CURRENT VALVES 4A 1 v 4|- D/A 4o TRANSMISSION LINE OUTAGE SWITCHING NETWORK SIMULATOR 4l\ V V V L J BUS VOLTAGE VALVES LI'NESsBUSES GENERATION TRANSFORMERS FIG.2

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D/A INFINITE BUS voLTAGE T /kfi SET POINTS INFINITE BUSES DCu's FORLOAD ADMITTANCE ADJUSTMENTS 7 FIG. IO

LINE CURRENT AND BUS voLTAGE SOLUTIONS {4'0 ,4

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SHEET 0') 0f 23 FAULTING DEVICE FAULTENG DEVICE FIG. I6.

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sum 12' or" 23 INTRONICS MULTIPLIER lNTRONICS MU LTIPLIER PATENTEB JUL 3 0 I974 SlOI-STOS TT/i saw '16 0F 23 T T T I IT T TT T T T T TYPICAL TYPICAL v MODULE MODULE FIG. 22A. FIG. 228.

DIGITAL 204/ COMPUTER q! CCO A223 I203 I206 I207 I208 I209 l2|O I221 I222 1226 I230 I23l I V L I |ccO ID/AJICCOAI FECQTCJCO] Tail VARJ IVALRLI [0 00 CCO E/A VAR I205 g I V v f BUS GENERATOR LOAD LINE TIE LINE MODULE MODULE MODULE MODULE MODULE M206 I2I5 1220 |227 5 V lA/DAZIB E/E]I2I6 IZIQIA/D! FIG. 27

PATENTEIIJuL3oIsII4 SHEET 1': or 23 D/A INF. BUS VOLTAGES TIE LINE MODELS O/A IEI, M GENERATOR SET POINTS MODELS e] OATA UNE TRANSFORMER [Ifl SWITCHING 9a3 LINK' A/O ANALOG NET SIMULATOR I SOLUTION [E] LOAO AOMITT. LOAD SETTINGS 7 MODELS 9ee 9s7 SYSTEM STUDY OPERATORS MODE FIG. 24 

1. A DC loadflow calculator for simulation of an AC power network with transient stability analysis capability, said calculator including a plurality of DC circuits arranged to simulate network elements and interconnected to correspond to the AC network, an operator console including means for generating signals representative of predetermined network variAbles for application to said DC circuits, said DC circuits including means for responding to the network variable signals and to DC circuit interconnection signals to generate output signals applicable to said console, means for generating signals representative of transient fault conditions, said operator console including means for imposing said transient fault signals on one or more of said DC circuits after a loadflow solution has been reached, said DC circuits including means for responding to transient fault signals to institute the imposed fault or faults in the DC simulator circuits, said operator console further including means for responding to the output signals from said DC circuits to display loadflow solutions and transient network responses.
 2. A DC loadflow calculator having transient stability analysis capability as set forth in claim 1 wherein said plurality of DC circuits includes a plurality of bus, generator, load, tie line and line DC circuits interconnected to correspond to the AC network.
 3. A DC loadflow calculator with transient stability analysis capability as set forth in claim 2 wherein said signals representative of predetermined network variables include generator mechanical power and generator voltage magnitude signals applicable to said generator DC circuits, and first and second load admittance signals applicable to said load DC circuits.
 4. A DC calculator as set forth in claim 3 wherein each of said generator DC circuits includes means for receiving said generator mechanical power signals and said voltage magnitude signals from said console, each of said bus DC circuits includes means for responding to generator, load, tie line and line phasor current input signals from other interconnected DC circuits, and for generating an output bus voltage phasor signal, each of said generator DC circuits includes means for responding to the difference between the voltage magnitude signal from said console and the applicable bus voltage phasor signal from an interconnected bus DC circuit to generate an output generator phasor current signal and a generator real electrical power signal, each of said generator DC circuits including means for responding to the difference between the generator mechanical power signal from said console and the generator real electrical power signal so as to generate a generator swing angle signal for application to said console, each of said load DC circuits includes means for receiving said first and second load admittance signals from said console so as to become structured with a corresponding admittance, each of said load DC circuits further includes means for generating an output bus to load current phasor signal as a function of the applicable bus voltage phasor signal, each of said tie line and line DC circuits includes means for responding to the difference between applied bus voltage phasor signals to generate an output line phasor current signal in accordance with at least a representation of the equivalent series branch impedance, at least one of said applied bus voltage phasor signals to each of said tie line DC circuits being an infinite bus voltage phasor signal.
 5. A DC calculator as set forth in claim 2 wherein said means for generating transient fault signals is connected to at least some of said bus, generator, load, tie line and line DC circuits for imposing three phase fault signals to said bus, tie line and line DC circuits, transient drop signals to said generator, load, tie line and line DC circuits, and swing angle restoration and damping signals to said generator DC circuits.
 6. A DC calculator as set forth in claim 5 wherein said means for generating transient fault signals includes a clock for providing real time and faster than real time clock output signals, a means for receiving said clock output signals and for generating a bus three phase fault output signal to said bus DC circuits, a line three phase fault output signal to said line and tie line DC circuits, a transient drop output signal to said generator, load, tie line and line DC cicuits, and a generator damp output signal to said generator DC circuits.
 7. A DC calculator as set forth in claim 6 wherein each of said generator DC circuits includes means for receiving said clock output signals for operation at real time and faster than real time.
 8. A DC calculator as set forth in claim 7 wherein said bus three phase fault signal, said line three phase fault signal, said transient drop signal and said generator damp signal each comprise a single pulse.
 9. A DC calculator as set forth in claim 8 wherein said generator swing angle restore signal is produced by the trailing edge of said transient drop pulse signal.
 10. A DC calculator as set forth in claim 8 wherein means is provided for adjustment of the pulse duration of said bus three phase pulse.
 11. A DC calculator as set forth in claim 10 wherein said operator console includes means for adjusting each of said generator mechanical power and generator voltage magnitude input signals, means for adjusting said first and second load admittance signals, means for allowing removal of each of said DC circuits from service, means for adjusting the duration of said bus three phase fault signal, means connected to said clock to provide for selection of operation at real time and faster than real time, and means connected to said DC circuit output signals for displaying generator electrical power, bus voltage, tie line and line real and reactive powers, load real and reactive powers, and generator swing angles.
 12. A DC calculator as set forth in claim 7 wherein said line three phase fault signal is initiated at the end of a bus three phase fault signal.
 13. A DC calculator as set forth in claim 7 wherein said bus three phase fault signal, said line three phase fault signal, said transient drop three phase fault signal and said generator damp signal each comprise a plurality of pulses for repeated operation of associated transient faults.
 14. A DC calculator as set forth in claim 2 wherein means is provided for removal of each of said generator, load, tie line and line DC circuits from service.
 15. A DC loadflow calculator having transient stability analysis capability as set forth in claim 1 wherein said DC circuits simulate at least tie lines, generators, lines and loads and wherein the output signals generated by said DC circuit responding means for application to said console include line and tie line power signals and generator internal angle signals and voltage magnitude signals for uncontrolled voltage busses.
 16. A DC loadflow calculator as set forth in claim 15 wherein said transient fault signal generating means includes means for generating three phase fault signals and transient drop signals.
 17. A DC loadflow calculator as set forth in claim 16 wherein said transient fault signal generating means further includes means for generating swing angle restoration and damping signals.
 18. A DC loadflow calculator having transient stability analysis capability as set forth in claim 1 wherein said network variable signal generating means includes means for generating variable voltage magnitude signals and variable megawatt signals for controlled voltage busses.
 19. A DC loadflow calculator as set forth in claim 18 wherein said network variable signal generating means includes means for generating variable megawatt and megavar signals for loads.
 20. A DC loadflow calculator as set forth in claim 19 wherein said network variable signal generating means includes means for generating outage signals for lines and tie lines.
 21. A DC loadflow calculator having transient stability analysis capability as set forth in claim 1 wherein said network variable signal generating means includes means for generating variable megawatt and megavar signals for loads.
 22. A DC loadflow calculator having transient stability analysis capability as set forth in claim 1 wherein said network variable signal generating means includes means for generating outage signals for lines and tie lines.
 23. A DC loadflow calculator having transient stability analysis capability as set forth in claim 1 wherein said transient fault signal generating means includes means for generating three phase fault signals and transient drop signals.
 24. A DC loadflow calculator as set forth in claim 23 wherein said transient fault signal generating means further includes means for generating swing angle restoration and damping signals.
 25. A DC loadflow calculator as set forth in claim 1 wherein said transient fault signal generating means includes a clock which provides output signals from which the fault signals are desired.
 26. A DC loadflow calculator as set forth in claim 25 wherein said clock generates real time and faster than real time output signals for the generation of transient fault responses in said DC circuits in real time or faster than real time.
 27. A DC loadflow calculator as set forth in claim 1 wherein said network variable signal generating means includes means for generating variable voltage magnitude signals and variable megawatt signals for controlled voltage busses.
 28. A DC loadflow calculator as set forth in claim 27 wherein said network variable signal generating means includes means for generating variable megawatt and megavar signals for loads.
 29. A DC loadflow calculator as set forth in claim 28 wherein said transient fault signal generating means includes means for generating three phase fault signals and transient drop signals.
 30. A DC loadflow calculator as set forth in claim 5 wherein the output signals generated by said DC circuit responding means for application to said console include line and tie line power signals and generator internal angle signals and voltage magnitude signals for uncontrolled voltage busses.
 31. A DC loadflow calculator as set forth in claim 30 wherein said network variable signal generating means includes means for generating variable voltage magnitude signals and variable megawatt signals for controlled voltage busses.
 32. A DC loadflow calculator as set forth in claim 30 wherein said network variable signal generating means includes means for generating variable megawatt and megavar signals for loads. 